The alleviation of drought-induced damage to growth and physio-biochemical parameters of Brassica napus L. genotypes using an integrated approach of biochar amendment and PGPR application

Abstract Drought is a major abiotic stress, affecting the metabolism, growth, and productivity of plants worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed/hypothesized to investigate ameliorative effects biochar rhizobacteria in drought-damaged Brassica napus L. genotypes. The were divided into two groups based on drought stress employment (15 days 30 days). Both then treated with PGPR, biochar, their co-application, samples taken from shoots roots both Our results revealed that resulted substantial decline total flavonoids, phenolics, proteins, peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) as well nutrient uptake studied Contrarily, sugar glycine betaine (GB) contents increased under conditions. However, co-application PGPR showed better improvement uptake, leaf relative water content (RWC), growth parameters compared drought-stressed, control, sole application. In addition, produced higher levels sugar, phenolic compounds, enzymatic activities (POD, SOD, GR, dehydroascorbate (DHAR)) than those not or solely. Relative Westar genotype, Punjab sarson tolerance. conclusion, we suggest can be an effective strategy for overcoming drought-induced damage plants. Graphical